Syllabus

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING

ENW325

Spring 2004

 

Instructor:              

Class meets:                        

                                   

My office:               

My office phone:     

E-mail:                   

Home page:            

Office hours:    

 

Dr. James Simon

Monday 11a-1215p  CNS304

Thursday 11a-1215p, DMH231                                                    

DMH 106

203 254 4000, x2792

jsimon@fair1.fairfield.edu

http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jsimon

MW 10-11. (I am here many additional hours; just call first.)

 

Air and water pollution. Land use and zoning disputes. Recycling and toxic waste concerns. Environmental issues touch our lives in many ways, and this journalism course will give you experience in reporting and writing about the environment and related science and health concerns. You will visit environmental sites, learn from reporters working in this field, and then choose issues at the local, state or national level to write about. There is no prerequisite, but students are urged to have completed some course work in journalism, mass communication, environmental science or environmental ethics.

 

Dr. Simon covered environmental issues for 10 years as a reporter with The Associated Press, then served as Assistant Secretary of the Environment in Massachusetts. He now conducts research on environmental journalism and teaches about the subject. To better understand the life of an environmental journalist, students will analyze the results of a survey, co-authored by Dr. Simon, that included interviews with every environmental journalist at every newspaper and television station in New England.  

 

Required Materials:

 

v      Blum, D. & Knudsdon, M.  (1997). A field guide for science writers. New York: Oxford University Press. 

 

v      Friedman, S.M., Dunwoody, S. & Rogers, C.L. (1999). Communicating uncertainty: Media coverage of new and controversial science. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum

 

v      Goldstein, N. (Ed.)  The Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law.  Reading, MA: Perseus Books.

 

v      Nelson, P. (1995). Ten practical tips for environmental reporting. Reston VA: Center for Foreign Journalists

 

v      2” three-ring binder with formal, tabbed section dividers (for your portfolio)

 

 

            Plus…

 

 

v      Itule, B. D. & Anderson, D. A. (1997). News writing and reporting for today's media. (5th Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. (Used for review purposes early in semester; copies on reserve at library)

 

            Free from Dr. Simon:

 

v      Ward, B. (Ed.) (2003). Reporting on climate change: Understanding the science.  (3rd Ed.). Washington DC: Environmental Law Institute.

 

v      Sachsman, D., Simon, J. & Valenti, J. (2001).  The environment reporters of New England.  Paper presented at the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication conference, Washington D.C., August 2001. (Distributed in class)

 

 

Recommended:  Any pocket dictionary

 

Class format. Students will use a triangulated approach to learn about environmental reporting:

 

v     You will revisit the basics of reporting and news writing, then build on and expand those basics as you learn the craft. You will write a variety of stories based on news conferences, site visits, journal articles and your own personal interests.

 

v     You will meet environmental reporters and perhaps model your efforts on their work.  You will read my study about how they feel about the environment and how they do their job. You will have an opportunity to visit a newsroom and see how news stories get assigned, processed and presented to the public.

 

v     There is a strong hands-on component to the course. You will conduct field visits to on-campus and off-campus environmental sites, then write about those sites. You will meet scientists and discuss how they rely on environmental reporters to communicate with the public. You will read scientific journal articles and science-oriented congressional testimony and write stories on the issues presented. You will pick a topic for a major environmental story, gather material on and off campus, then write it up.

 

Here is the story lineup and a grading summary:

 

STORIES ONE AND TWO: In-class press conf. stories @ 3 pts each        6 points

STORY THREE: Out of class press conference story                                 5 points

STORY FOUR: Off campus site visit and story                                         15 points

STORY FIVE: Individual campus or town environmental story                     15 points

STORY SIX: Individual, major package                                                     30 points

Two AP quizzes @ 3 pts each                                                                  6 points

Reaction papers to the readings;  in-class writing                                      13 points

Class participation                                                                                 10 points

TOTAL                                                                                                  100%

 

Note: There is no test on the readings … no mid-term exam … no final exam … and no term paper. Most students like this arrangement. But in return, you are expected to put extra time into this course throughout the 14 weeks of class.

            Do save graded copies of all stories for inclusion in your portfolio

 

 

Grade breakdown of Story 6:

 

Item                                                     Date due        % final project grade

Story idea, budget line                     April 1                         5%

Cites                                                   April 8                         5%

Outline                                                April 15                       10%

Full draft                                             April 22                       40%

Final version                                      April 29                       40%

 

 

Process for Stories 5 and 6

 

a.      Generate a story idea and bounce it off me for feedback. Classmates also will offer advice. Most stories will call for Web research that will add depth to your reporting and add context to the final story.

 

b.      Type a two-sentence budget line. The first sentence describes the focus of the project. The second sentence explains why the audience will care. Example:

 

 I will do an overview on recycling (or the lack of it) at Fairfield University. At a time when student interest in the environment is high and universities boast about their sophisticated recycling programs, Fairfield has no comprehensive program and has lagged behind most other schools.

 

  1. Work on a complete draft version of the story. Save all drafts for the portfolio (details later). Bring copies of the story to class for comment by peers. Penalty for no draft: 10 points off the grade of the final version.

                                   

  1. Rewrite the story and submit it to me for a grade. On this graded version, you also need to attach a reflective essay (details to follow).

 

e. After I return this rewritten version of the story with a grade, you must rewrite it once more and place it in your portfolio, putting the most recent rewritten version on top. I often will encourage you to run off another copy and submit it to the Mirror.

 

I will look at the portfolio during our two individual meetings, held mid-semester and at the end of the semester.

Grading Standard

 

Here is the standard I use in grading writing assignments:

 

“A” – Excellent. Publishable as is. No significant style errors. Shows superior command of facts, judgment, organization and writing. On some level, extra-ordinary.

 

“B” – Superior on some level.  Overall assignment handled very well. Very few style errors. Copy only needs a bit of rewriting and polishing before it could be published.

 

“C” – Acceptable job. Not a story someone would read unless the information was really needed. Several style errors. Some basic organizational or writing problems. Still needs significant rewriting.

 

“D” --  Unsatisfactory. Poor piece. Lacks fundamental judgment and/or writing skills. Frequent style errors. Important facts omitted.

 

      “F” – Unacceptable level of achievement.                

 

 

Reflective Essays

 

For each of the six papers, the final graded version requires a cover sheet (3-4 paragraphs) that serves as a reflective essay. It is a chance for you to step back from the story and to discuss:

 

ü      What textbook/classroom lessons have been relevant (or misleading)

ü      How the story compared to others you may have done

ü      What problems you encountered 

ü      What lessons you learned

ü      What skills you still need to sharpen

 

 

E-mail. Today’s journalists rely on computer communication, and so will you. For this class, you need to have an e-mail address and to get in the habit of checking your e-mail regularly, preferably every day. Some class assignments may be made via e-mail. I check my e-mail twice a day on average; it is the best way to communicate with me.  Don't hesitate to call me in my office, though, if you have a more immediate need.

 

 

Writing Format. All writing assignments must be double-spaced and typed on 8˝ by 11" paper using a conventional font. Writing a headline is optional. Place your name, the type of assignment (e.g., Story 6) and your campus telephone number in upper right hand corner of the first page. Be sure the pages are stapled.

 

 


 

 

Reaction Papers on the readings   (Thank you, Fr. Mayzik)

When you have an assignment to read a chapter, an article, a book for class, you have an opportunity to be informed, enlightened, inspired, transformed, stimulated—even agitated or angered by the information and ideas presented to you by the author.  There is also the chance that you might also be bored—which could be the author’s fault, or yours. 

 

What you get out of your reading has a lot to do with you, and with the attitude you bring to it.  If it is merely an assignment, you will rush through it, more intent on getting through it than letting it get to you.  If you see it as an opportunity to learn something, and you dive into even the most convoluted, dense prose with a patient, open-minded attitude, you may be delighted and surprised by what it has to offer to you (and to your life!).

 

For that to happen (for someone’s written ideas and thoughts to touch your life) you need to do two things:

 

1.     You must read the material thoroughly and patiently, asking yourself at various points along the way: ‘Do I understand  what this author is saying?’.  Can you explain  the thoughts and ideas, the major concepts and terms, in your own words?  The author probably spent a great deal of time working on that chapter—so there must be something of substance in the contents.

 

2.     Once you know what the author is saying, you need to take a second (and more important) step:  you need to ask yourself  what you  think about the author’s thoughts and   ideas.  This is the time to wrestle with the truth of those ideas.  It is a time of reflection, meditation, and ultimately some judgment:  you take those ideas within and touch them to what you know, and make at least a temporary judgment.  Your reaction might be “Wow! That’s amazing, I never saw the connections before.” Or, “Gosh and begolly, that’s phat, man!”  Or, you may conclude that the author’s ideas are false, or stupid, or wrong, or silly: “That’s crap, totally, what an idiot!”    Whatever your judgment, it’s the whole point of  the reading.

 

The READING EVALUATIONS are meant to help you take both steps in your approach to the assigned readings.  Use a single sheet of paper.

I) The FIRST part of the evaluation allows you to identify three MAIN THEMES, CONCEPTS, IDEAS and TERMS of the reading, and to explain them.  (Although it is not the primary purpose of the evaluation, this helps me to know if, at least, you have read the material.)    

 

II) The SECOND part of the evaluation asks you to write about your reaction to those themes, concepts and terms: “WHAT DO YOU THINK?”  These are your reflections, and I encourage you to try to make connections within them. 

DON’T simply write how amazed or impressed you are, or how stupid or boring you thought it was: “Gosh, I can’t believe how much goes into the process of making a movie.  It has really opened my eyes, wow.”  INSTEAD, try to make some comparisons to other knowledge, other experiences: “ Reading about the energy levels of color made me think about the colors used at McDonald’s—vivid oranges and yellows.  It’s very different from the colors that are on the walls of my favorite restaurant, Tommy’s.  I wonder why they did that?”  DON’T give me a critique of the author’s writing style: “This chapter was repetitious and boring…”.

 

I will respond to your reflections, which you can read when I return them to you.  Naturally, I will be most interested in this part of the reading evaluation (“WHAT DO YOU THINK?”), and it will have a large part in evaluating your understanding of the material.

 

You need not re-write the entire assignment, trying to squeeze millions of lines onto the reading evaluation page.. Just a little warning: I take these reading evaluations SERIOUSLY when it comes to considering your grade.  You can be sure that your grade will be significantly downgraded if you do not hand in the evaluations (on time!)  or appear to be treating them lightly with cursory comments and little thought or depth. (A “good” on your work will be good for your final grade.) Your work should reflect a thorough reading of the text, and a thoughtful reaction to its contents.  Feel free to use back side of the summary sheets if you run out of space, but I recommend just filling one side of a page, single spaced.

AP Stylebook. Professional journalists are expected to follow a stylebook, and so are you. In this class, you will follow The Associated Press Stylebook, which is used in more news rooms than any other. There will be two stylebook quizzes early in the semester; I will give you a study guide to the most important terms. The quiz will be open-book, but you will have less than one minute per question to complete it, giving you time only to double check some of your answers. I encourage you to study in groups for the test.  You will lose 1 point for each style error made in subsequent stories.

 

 

Attendance.  Skipping class is like skipping a day of work. If you can’t manage your time and you can’t handle deadline pressures, then journalism isn’t a good career choice for you. Daily deadlines are a fact of life not only in newsrooms, but in all sorts of media work.

 

I am very old-fashioned about attendance; I take it every period based on the theory that you learn more when you are in class….   Your final grade in the course will drop two percentage points starting with the third cut (e.g., a 90 will drop to an 88). Save your cuts for when you are sick or have an emergency, medical or academic.  The only exceptions: lingering illnesses or family emergencies that force you to miss consecutive classes.

            For your grade, I also take into account your being chronically late to class. For my sake and the sake of your classmates, please be on time.

 

If you are going to miss a class, I expect you to call or e-mail ahead of class and tell me not to expect you there. We then can make arrangements for you to make up the work missed.

 

 

Class participation. Participating in class is a given; you are expected to come to class well prepared and to take an active part in discussions. If you are unprepared for class repeatedly, I reserve the right to adjust your final grade.

 

 

Getting Stories Published. Many students emerge from this course with a portfolio of up to four stories that they do for class, then submit to the Mirror and get published. On their resume, students can list themselves as a contributing writer to the Mirror, then use their portfolio of published work to improve their chances of getting a good internship or initial job out of college. There is no requirement to submit your stories. But to encourage you to do so, I will raise the final grade by two-thirds of a letter (a C becomes  a B-; a B+ becomes an A) for

any class story that you submit to the Mirror and get published. 

            When grading your papers, I will often note whether I think it is a good candidate for publication, but you also can act on your own. After you see my comments on your graded version, consider any suggested changes, then send your story via e-mail to Mirror news editor Jess Holmberg at 03_jholmberg@stagweb. Write on the top: I did this story for Dr. Simon’s Environmental Reporting class, and I want to submit it to the Mirror for possible publication. You can reach me at extension XXXX with any questions. Thank you.  Add a byline, listing your name as you want it to appear atop the story.

Keep a copy of any stories appearing in the Mirror. Show them to me at our end of the semester portfolio meeting to ensure I give you the grade boost.

 

Gathering Information. We will be discussing, at length, the ground rules for gathering information and when you should go "off the record" with a source. But until we do, you must introduce yourself to all sources by saying you are working on a news story for class that may get printed in The Mirror. (My advice: say you are "working on a story for The Mirror on Subject X.")  Again, you must alert sources from the start that their remarks may wind up in the paper. If the source is reluctant to talk to you, use your persuasive skills (and tips we will learn) to get them to cooperate.  But under no circumstances should you say the story is just for class; too many students make such a statement, get the story published in the Mirror for extra credit, and then face an angry source.

            Sources routinely ask to see a story before it is published. This is widely frowned upon in journalism. Do not agree to show anyone the story before publication. Instead, offer to call them back and double check their own quotes and any information they gave you. This will result in a stronger, more accurate story and avoid any ethical dilemma. Obviously, if you agree to call back a source and double check the information, you must do so.

            If you violate these rules -- by telling sources their remarks won’t be used in the newspaper or by agreeing to let them see a story before publication -- it is grounds for receiving a failing grade on the story.

 

Deadly errors. News stories lose all credibility when the reader notices a glaring error and starts to wonder how many other problems there are within the story. Imagine a Mirror profile on your roommate that misspells her/his name in the first sentence; would you believe the rest of the story? Accuracy is the most important element in a news story.  Therefore, misspelling the name of a principal actor in story will result in your receiving a failing grade on the story. THIS HAPPENS AT LEAST TWICE A YEAR; DON'T LET IT HAPPEN TO YOU!

           

Honor Code. It is a violation of the Honor Code to submit all or part of someone else's work or ideas as one's own. If a student violates the Honor Code, the faculty member may refer the matter to the Office of Student Life. If found guilty, the student may be penalized with failure of the assignment or failure of the course. The student also may be reprimanded or suspended from the University.

           

Dr. Simon adds: Let me underscore: do not pass off someone else's work as your own. It will be especially obvious in this class if you have a friend write your major news stories, then find yourself unable to write in class on your own.  But I feel it is desirable to have a roommate or friend read your news story and make suggestions for improving it before you submit it to me. But they cannot do the actual writing.


Class Schedule (subject to change)

 

Part One: Reporting and Writing Tools

 

Date

In-class activities

Work due that day

Th., Jan. 22

Introductions. Syllabus review

 

 

 

 

Mon., Jan. 26

Ingredients of news;

summary vs. special leads

I/A, Chs 1,2, 4, 5

Th., Jan. 29

Beyond the lead;

Quotes and interviews

I/A Chs 6,7,8, 10

 

 

 

 

 

Part Two: Environmental Reporting and Writing Tools

 

Mon., Feb. 2

Using the web for environmental

stories

I/A Ch 11

Th., Feb. 5

STORY 1: Press conference

 

 

 

 

Mon., Feb. 9

Environmental Feature Writing

Story 1 due before class

Monday via e-mail; also bring a disc copy to class

 

I/A Ch. 10

Th., Feb. 12

STORY 2: Press conference

Story 2 due via e-mail, 11 p.m., Tuesday 2/17

 

 

 

Mon., Feb. 16

NO CLASS

 

Th., Feb. 19

Practical Tips for Env. Reporting

AP Quiz 1

Entire Nelson Tips book;

Five-item reaction paper

on whole book,

not individual tips

 

 

 

Mon., Feb. 23

Discuss Field Guide for

  Science Writers, I

Chs 1-9, Field Guide;

Reaction paper to each individual chapter

Th., Feb. 26

STORY 3: Out of class press conference

TBA

 

 

 

Mon., Mar. 1

AP Quiz 2

Discuss Field Guide for

  Science Writers, II

 

Story 3 due before class

Monday via e-mail; also bring a disc copy to class;

Chs 10-15, Field Guide;

Reaction paper to each

individual chapter

 

 

Part Three: Specialized environmental stories

 

Th., Mar. 4

NOTE: class meets at off campus site for Story 4

TBA

 

 

 

Mon., Mar. 8

Discuss ideas for Story 5, campus or town environmental story

 

Story 4 due;

Ideas, Story 5

Th., Mar 11

Covering scientific conferences;

writing on scientific papers

Budget line, Story 5