Michael's HS/College Drinking Study

So11C & D, Fall 1999 - 24 Completed Surveys.

Here is the on-line survey that most of you filled out over the weekend:

Michael's Drinking Survey

This survey is anonymous. Please take it only once.

What is your sex?

What is your class?

How old are you?

The following questions use the term "drink" to mean:

12 ounces of beer OR
4 ounces of wine OR
1 ounce of liquor

High School Drinking
In an average month during the 9th grade on about how many days did your drink?
About how many drinks did you have on a "drinking" day in the 9th grade?
In an average month during the 10th grade on about how many days did your drink?
About how many drinks did you have on a "drinking" day in the 10th grade?
In an average month during the 11th grade on about how many days did your drink?
About how many drinks did you have on a "drinking" day in the 11th grade?
In an average month during the 12th grade on about how many days did your drink?
About how many drinks did you have on a "drinking" day in the 12th grade?

College Drinking

. During
Freshman
Year During
Sophomore
Year During
Junior
Year During
Senior
Year

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Monday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Tuesday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Wednesday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Thursday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Friday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Saturday . . . .

Average # of drinks you have/had on a Sunday . . . .

Did your parents allow you to drink during high school?

Does either of your parents have a drinking problem?

Do you think that you might have a drinking problem?

What kind of high school did you go to?

What was your high school GPA?
(If not on a 0 to 4.0 scale please "translate" to that scale)

What is your college GPA?

Thanks for your help .... Press the "Send" Button to submit you answers

Here are some tables and graphs to examine. Remember, our goal is to prove or disprove our hypothesis: the more you drank in high school, the more you will drink in college.

Frequency Tables (how questions were answered)

Frequencies

Frequency Table

**SEX sex**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1 male	5	20.8	20.8	20.8
	2 female	19	79.2	79.2	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

**CLASS class**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1 senior	1	4.2	4.2	4.2
	2 junior	6	25.0	25.0	29.2
	3 sophomore	16	66.7	66.7	95.8
	4 freshman	1	4.2	4.2	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

**AGE age**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	17	1	4.2	4.2	4.2
	19	18	75.0	75.0	79.2
	20	5	20.8	20.8	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

**ALLOW Parents allow you to drink in HSchool?**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1 yes	5	20.8	20.8	20.8
	2 no	18	75.0	75.0	95.8
	9	1	4.2	4.2	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

**PROBP Either parent have a drinking problem?**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1 yes	6	25.0	25.0	25.0
	2 no	18	75.0	75.0	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

**PROBS Do you have a drinking problem?**
.		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1 yes	1	4.2	4.2	4.2
	2 no	23	95.8	95.8	100.0
	Total	24	100.0	100.0	.

Descriptives

**Descriptive Statistics**
.	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Std. Deviation
AGE age	24	17	20	19.13	.61
DAYS9 Days in a month on which you drank: 9th grade	24	0	8	1.29	2.42
DRINK9 Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 9th grade	24	0	6	1.21	2.04
DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	24	.00	10.50	1.4167	2.8577
DAYS10 Days in a month on which you drank: 10th grade	24	0	8	1.96	2.90
DRINK10 Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 10th grade	24	0	10	2.42	3.15
DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	24	.00	16.00	3.0833	5.1970
DAYS11 Days in a month on which you drank: 11th grade	24	0	9	2.83	2.99
DRINK11 Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 11th grade	24	0	12	3.33	3.21
DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	24	.00	24.00	4.1250	5.8565
DAYS12 Days in a month on which you drank: 12th grade	24	0	15	4.50	5.06
DRINK12 Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 12th grade	24	0	12	3.79	3.41
DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	24	.00	33.75	7.4583	9.9937
FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	24	.00	44.00	14.5000	12.1869
SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	23	.00	46.00	11.4783	13.7473
JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	7	.00	46.00	15.1429	16.5169
HSGPA high school GPA	24	2.65000	4.00000	3.4612500	.3509529
CGPA college GPA	24	.00000	3.97000	2.9025000	.8135657
Valid N (listwise)	7	.	.	.	.

In this study testing our basic hypothesis that the amount of high school drinking determines the amount of college drinking actually entails looking at a number of variables from the above descriptives table. Which ones?

"DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade" & "FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year"

We might also want to examine "DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade" & "FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year"

Is there evidence to support the hypothesis?

Look at the two graphs below to "see" if there is a relationship between the amount of high school drinking and the amount of college drinking:

There is a statistical measure that allows us the "measure" whether two variable are related to each other: the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. This measure has a value for -1 to +1. If two variable are perfectly positively correlated with each other -- that is, if one increases the other one always increases -- then the Pearson Correlation Coefficient will be +1. If two variables are perfectly negatively correlated with each other -- that is, if one decreases the other one always increases -- then the Pearson Correlation Coefficient will be -1. If there is absolutely no relationship between two variables -- that is, if one increases then sometimes the other one increases and an equal number of times it decreases -- then the Pearson Correlation Coefficient will be 0.

Our hypothesis is that High School Drinking with be positively correlated with College Drinking. As the High School Drinking increases, then the College Drinking will increase. Now let us examine the correlation coefficients for our High School Drinking measures and College Drinking:

**Correlations**
.		Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 12th grade	Average weekly drinks, freshman year
Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	Pearson Correlation	1.000	.589(**)	.395	.321	.155
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.	.002	.056	.126	.468
	N	24	24	24	24	24
Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	Pearson Correlation	.589(**)	1.000	.702(**)	.676(**)	.588(**)
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.002	.	.000	.000	.003
	N	24	24	24	24	24
Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	Pearson Correlation	.395	.702(**)	1.000	.819(**)	.597(**)
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.056	.000	.	.000	.002
	N	24	24	24	24	24
Average drinks consumed on a drinking day: 12th grade	Pearson Correlation	.321	.676(**)	.819(**)	1.000	.757(**)
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.126	.000	.000	.	.000
	N	24	24	24	24	24
Average weekly drinks, freshman year	Pearson Correlation	.155	.588(**)	.597(**)	.757(**)	1.000
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.468	.003	.002	.000	.
	N	24	24	24	24	24
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

These findings suggest that there is a real positive relationship between the level of drinking in 10th, 11th, and 12th grades and the level of drinking in freshman year. There is a very weak relationship between the level of 9th grade drinking and the level of freshman year drinking. So Michael's hypothesis is confirmed!!

Some additional findings:

Is there a relationship between drinking and GPA?

Graph

**Correlations**
.		DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	HSGPA high school GPA
DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	Pearson Correlation	1.000	.589(**)	.395	.417(*)	.007
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.	.002	.056	.043	.973
	N	24	24	24	24	24
DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	Pearson Correlation	.589(**)	1.000	.702(**)	.801(**)	.049
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.002	.	.000	.000	.819
	N	24	24	24	24	24
DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	Pearson Correlation	.395	.702(**)	1.000	.776(**)	.070
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.056	.000	.	.000	.745
	N	24	24	24	24	24
DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	Pearson Correlation	.417(*)	.801(**)	.776(**)	1.000	-.080
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.043	.000	.000	.	.711
	N	24	24	24	24	24
HSGPA high school GPA	Pearson Correlation	.007	.049	.070	-.080	1.000
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.973	.819	.745	.711	.
	N	24	24	24	24	24
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

**Correlations**
.		Average weekly drinks, freshman year	Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	Average weekly drinks, junior year	college GPA
Average weekly drinks, freshman year	Pearson Correlation	1.000	.872(**)	.961(**)	-.303
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.	.000	.001	.160
	N	24	23	7	23
Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	Pearson Correlation	.872(**)	1.000	.978(**)	-.197
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000	.	.000	.368
	N	23	23	7	23
Average weekly drinks, junior year	Pearson Correlation	.961(**)	.978(**)	1.000	-.046
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.001	.000	.	.922
	N	7	7	7	7
college GPA	Pearson Correlation	-.303	-.197	-.046	1.000
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.160	.368	.922	.
	N	23	23	7	23
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Are male and female drinking patterns different?

Means

**Report**
.		SEX sex
.		1 male	2 female	Total
Mean	DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	1.9000	1.2895	1.4167
	DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	5.7000	2.3947	3.0833
	DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	7.6000	3.2105	4.1250
	DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	14.3500	5.6447	7.4583
	FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	28.4000	10.8421	14.5000
	SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	25.6000	7.5556	11.4783
	JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	29.3333	4.5000	15.1429
N	DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	5	19	24
	DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	5	19	24
	DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	5	19	24
	DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	5	19	24
	FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	5	19	24
	SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	5	18	23
	JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	3	4	7
Std. Deviation	DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	3.2481	2.8300	2.8577
	DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	6.9606	4.6198	5.1970
	DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	9.7622	4.2909	5.8565
	DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	16.1976	7.2559	9.9937
	FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	15.3721	8.3351	12.1869
	SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	20.0325	8.6719	13.7473
	JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	14.9778	6.6081	16.5169

If your parents allowed you to drink, do you drink more?

Means

**Report**
.	ALLOW Parents allow you to drink in HSchool?	Mean	N	Std. Deviation
DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	1 yes	1.2000	5	2.6833
	2 no	1.5556	18	3.0336
	9	.0000	1	.
	Total	1.4167	24	2.8577
DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	1 yes	3.7500	5	5.5227
	2 no	3.0694	18	5.3549
	9	.0000	1	.
	Total	3.0833	24	5.1970
DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	1 yes	5.3500	5	10.4785
	2 no	4.0139	18	4.3719
	9	.0000	1	.
	Total	4.1250	24	5.8565
DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	1 yes	6.2000	5	13.3116
	2 no	8.2222	18	9.4378
	9	.0000	1	.
	Total	7.4583	24	9.9937
FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	1 yes	10.8000	5	19.0578
	2 no	15.3889	18	10.5001
	9	17.0000	1	.
	Total	14.5000	24	12.1869
SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	1 yes	9.2000	5	20.5718
	2 no	11.8235	17	12.2639
	9	17.0000	1	.
	Total	11.4783	23	13.7473
JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	1 yes	16.6667	3	25.4820
	2 no	13.0000	3	12.5300
	9	17.0000	1	.
	Total	15.1429	7	16.5169

If either of your parents have a drinking problem, do you drink more?

**Report**
.		PROBP Either parent have a drinking problem?
.		1 yes	2 no	Total
DRINKW9 Average weekly drinks, 9th grade	Mean	1.7500	1.3056	1.4167
	N	6	18	24
	Std. Deviation	4.2866	2.3648	2.8577
DRINKW10 Average weekly drinks, 10th grade	Mean	4.2917	2.6806	3.0833
	N	6	18	24
	Std. Deviation	6.2738	4.9273	5.1970
DRINKW11 Average weekly drinks, 11th grade	Mean	6.8750	3.2083	4.1250
	N	6	18	24
	Std. Deviation	9.6692	3.9176	5.8565
DRINKW12 Average weekly drinks, 12th grade	Mean	9.2500	6.8611	7.4583
	N	6	18	24
	Std. Deviation	11.9979	9.5537	9.9937
FDRINKW Average weekly drinks, freshman year	Mean	16.8333	13.7222	14.5000
	N	6	18	24
	Std. Deviation	14.8918	11.5392	12.1869
SODRINKW Average weekly drinks, sophomore year	Mean	17.3333	9.4118	11.4783
	N	6	17	23
	Std. Deviation	15.4618	12.9521	13.7473
JDRINKW Average weekly drinks, junior year	Mean	21.0000	10.7500	15.1429
	N	3	4	7
	Std. Deviation	23.2594	11.1766	16.5169