Liz's Survey --  at the analysis stage.


Students taking So11C & D in the fall of 2003 filled in 38 completed surveys.
 Here is the on-line survey that was filled out:

Liz's Survey:


This survey is anonymous.  Please take it only once.

What is your sex? 

What is your class? 

Who asked you to take this survey? 

How old are you? 

Which of the following best describes your home situation? 

Which of the following best describes you? 


How strict were your parents when you were a senior in high school? 

When you were a senior in high school did you have a weekday night curfew? 

If yes, at what time did you have to be home? 

When you were a senior in high school did you have a weekend night curfew? 

If yes, at what time did you have to be home? 

Which of the following comes closest to your parents' attitude toward your drinking in high school? 

When you were a senior in high school did your parents ever threaten to ground you ...
over grades?  
over drinking?  
over staying out too late?  
over drugs?  

 

Comparing your senior year in high school to your freshman year in college...  (please use numbers, leave blank if zero)
. During
senior year in  
high school
 During
freshman year in
college
Average # of days during a week that you partied
 in senior year h. s.
 in freshman year
Average # of hours that a night of partying lasted
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of drinks that you had during a night of partying in senior year h. s. in freshman year
How many partners did you have sex with (oral or intercourse)
 during last month in high school
 during first month in college
In an average week about how many classes did you skip?
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of times during a month that you used pot
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of times during a month that you used cocaine
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of times during a month that you used ecstasy
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of times during a month that you used oxycotton
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year
Average # of times during a month that you used another drug
 in senior year h. s. in freshman year



Thanks for your help .... Press the "Send" Button to submit you answers




The data were collected, coded and placed into a statistical software package called SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). This program can be found on the computers in the two labs in DMH and the PC computer lab in the library. You code a survey by turning each response into a number that you then give a label to within SPSS. Below is what the SPSS screen that contains the first few survey responses looks like. Each "row" on the table is the coded responses of one survey.



You define each variable (such as "Sex") and label each value of that variable (1 = male; 2 = female).  The SPSS program now knows the variables and value labels of each:



All tables, charts and graphs that SPSS now produces will automatically be correctly labeled.


When you do your project, after you have coded all the responses you can then use SPSS to analyze your data.

Here are some tables and graphs to examine from Liz's project. Remember, our goal is to prove or disprove Liz's hypothesis:  students whose parents were strict with them in high school are more likely to "act out" during freshman year in college.  Let's examine Liz's findings.
 
The first thing to look at are  --

Frequency Tables

They simply tell you how each question was answered:



Sex of Respondent

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid male 9 23.7 23.7 23.7
female 29 76.3 76.3 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Class

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid senior 4 10.5 10.8 10.8
junior 6 15.8 16.2 27.0
sophomore 16 42.1 43.2 70.3
freshman 11 28.9 29.7 100.0
Total 37 97.4 100.0
Missing missing 1 2.6

Total 38 100.0


Who asked you to take this survey?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid In So11 class 31 81.6 81.6 81.6
an email asked me 3 7.9 7.9 89.5
nobody/other 4 10.5 10.5 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

AGE

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid 18 9 23.7 23.7 23.7
19 21 55.3 55.3 78.9
20 5 13.2 13.2 92.1
21 3 7.9 7.9 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

your home situation

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid living with just my mom 6 15.8 15.8 15.8
with my mom and dad 30 78.9 78.9 94.7
other 2 5.3 5.3 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Birth Order

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid only child 1 2.6 2.6 2.6
oldest 11 28.9 28.9 31.6
middle 6 15.8 15.8 47.4
youngest 20 52.6 52.6 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

How strict were your parents in HS?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid very strict 2 5.3 5.3 5.3
somewhat strict 12 31.6 31.6 36.8
not that strict 21 55.3 55.3 92.1
anything but strict 3 7.9 7.9 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Have a weekday night curfew?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 21 55.3 55.3 55.3
no 17 44.7 44.7 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Have a weekend night curfew?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 17 44.7 44.7 44.7
no 21 55.3 55.3 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

parents' attitude toward your hs drinking

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid they thought I didn't drink 17 44.7 45.9 45.9
they didn't permit it under any circumstance 4 10.5 10.8 56.8
they knew that I drank but never said anything 14 36.8 37.8 94.6
they knew that I drank and would supply the alcohol if asked 2 5.3 5.4 100.0
Total 37 97.4 100.0
Missing missing 1 2.6

Total 38 100.0


Threatened grounding over grades in HS

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 7 18.4 18.4 18.4
no 31 81.6 81.6 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Threatened grounding over drinking in HS?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 8 21.1 21.1 21.1
no 30 78.9 78.9 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Threatened grounding over staying out too late in HS?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 16 42.1 42.1 42.1
no 22 57.9 57.9 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0

Threatened grounding over drugs in HS?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid yes 9 23.7 23.7 23.7
no 29 76.3 76.3 100.0
Total 38 100.0 100.0


Then look at "Descriptives."  They tell you how people answered those questions asking for a "number" answer:

Descriptive Statistics

N Mean
AGE 38 19.05
Weekday curfew time 21 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 16 11.937
Days a week partied in senior year HS 38 1.224
Days a week partied in freshman year 38 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 38 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 38 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 38 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 38 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS 38 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman 38 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 38 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman 38 .632
Times a month used pot in HS 38 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman 38 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS 38 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year 38 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS 38 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman 38 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS 38 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman 38 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS 38 .05263
Times a month used other drug as freshman 38 .07895
Valid N (listwise) 13

What can you tell about Liz's project just from looking at the frequencies and descriptives?  Do we have any problems with our sample?  Are we "missing" some categories of respondents?   In general, do respondents behavior differently as freshman than they did as seniors in high school?  Does there seem to be more "acting out" as freshmen than as seniors in high school?  



Attempting to prove your hypothesis --

Hypotheses make statements about how two or more variables are related.  In Liz's case, her hypothesis contends that a direct relationship exists between parental strictness in high school and "acting out" as a freshman.   The more strict your parents were in high school, the more you will party, drink, have sex, use drugs, skip class.... as a freshman.   All of Liz's measures of "acting out" are questions that asked the respondent for a number for an answer -- days of the week spent partying, # of drinks had during a party, etc...  Therefore, to test this hypothesis we need to "compare the means" on such "acting out" variables of students with strict parents to those of students with not so strict parents.   Students with strict parents should have higher mean values of partying, drinking, etc. than students with not so strict parents.  

Liz did realize that she had to "control for" some "intervening variables."  Her biggest worry was that students who acted out in high school might have tended to induce their parents to be more strict with them.  If this were the case, then these students greater "acting out" as freshmen might have nothing to do with having strict parents -- they might have simply been the crazier individuals to begin with...  This is why Liz had that big table question in her survey that asked about each "acting out" variable for two time periods:  senior year in high school and freshman year in college.  So as we go through these tables comparing the means of students with strict parents and students with not so strict parents, we need also to be looking at this intervening variable of high school behavior.

Let's analyze the data ---



Mean
How strict were your parents in HS?
very strict somewhat strict not that strict anything but strict Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS .500
n= 2
 1.125
n=12
 1.429
n=21
 .667
n=3
 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 1.500 2.500 2.714 1.000 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 1.000 3.167 4.524 5.333 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 3.000 5.167 6.619 4.333 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 1.000 3.667 5.333 6.333 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 4.500 6.375 7.048 5.333 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .500 .667 .762 .667 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman 2.500 .333 .619 .333 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.000 2.000 .190 .000 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman 1.000 .333 .762 .667 .632
Times a month used pot in HS .000 .167 3.857 .000 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman .500 .08333 4.143 .000 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .00 .09524 .00 5.26E-02
Times a month used other drug as freshman .00 .08333 .09524 .00 7.89E-02
Weekday curfew time 10.000 10.643 11.333
10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 12.000 11.333 13.000
11.937


Did you see confirmation of  Liz's hypothesis in this table?

Let's look at another measure of  parental strictness -- whether or not they impose a curfew during weekdays and weekends while the respondent was in high school ---

Mean
Have a weekday night curfew?
yes no Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.167
n=21
 1.294
n=17
 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 2.619 2.235 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 4.286 3.588 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 6.524 4.882 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 4.524 4.824 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 6.881 6.176 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .714 .706 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .619 .588 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.143 .353 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman .476 .824 .632
Times a month used pot in HS 2.476 1.824 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman 1.095 3.882 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .12 .0526
Times a month used other drug as freshman .0476 .12 .07789
Weekday curfew time 10.976
10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 11.769 12.667 11.937



Mean
Have a weekend night curfew?
yes no Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.441
n=17
 1.048
n=21
 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 2.941 2.048 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 3.941 4.000 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 6.529 5.190 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 4.118 5.095 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 7.029 6.190 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .765 .667 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .765 .476 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.353 .333 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman .529 .714 .632
Times a month used pot in HS .294 3.714 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman .824 3.571 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .0952 .0526
Times a month used other drug as freshman .0588 .0952 .0789
Weekday curfew time 10.857 11.214 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 11.937
11.937


Did you see confirmation of  Liz's hypothesis in these tables?  


Let's look at another measure of parental strictness -- attitude toward your drinking in high school --

Mean
parents' attitude toward your hs drinking
they thought I didn't drink they didn't permit it under any circumstance they knew that I drank but never said anything they knew that I drank and would supply the alcohol if asked Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS .912
n=17
 .750
n=4
 1.643
n=14
 2.500
n=2
 1.257
n=37
Days a week partied in freshman year 1.765 2.500 3.000 4.500 2.459
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 2.824 3.500 5.643 5.000 4.081
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 4.588 5.250 7.286 7.500 5.838
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 2.529 3.250 7.643 7.000 4.784
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 3.853 6.500 9.429 11.500 6.662
# of sex partners last month in HS .529 .750 .929 1.000 .730
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .353 1.000 .714 1.500 .622
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.000 .000 .714 1.500 .811
Classes skipped a week as freshman .588 .250 .500 3.000 .649
Times a month used pot in HS .000 .500 4.357 10.000 2.243
Times a month used pot as freshman .118 .000 1.857 30.500 2.405
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .00 .00 1.00 5.41E-02
Times a month used other drug as freshman .00 .00 .00 1.50 8.11E-02
Weekday curfew time 10.438 10.500 11.625 12.000 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 12.438 12.000 13.375 2.000 11.933


Did you see confirmation of  Liz's hypothesis in this table?

Let's look at our last measures of parental strictness -- whether or not parents threatened to ground the respondent in high school for various infractions  --

Mean
Threatened grounding over grades in HS
yes no Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.571
n=7
 1.145
n=31
 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 3.000 2.323 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 4.000 3.968 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 6.143 5.710 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 4.857 4.613 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 7.429 6.371 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .857 .677 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .571 .613 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.429 .645 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman .571 .645 .632
Times a month used pot in HS 6.000 1.323 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman .286 2.806 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .06452 .0526
Times a month used other drug as freshman .14 .06452 .0789
Weekday curfew time 11.300 10.875 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 10.700 12.500 11.937



Mean
Threatened grounding over staying out too late in HS?
yes no Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.156
n=16
 1.273
n=22		 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 2.625 2.318 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 3.500 4.318 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 5.500 6.000 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 3.688 5.364 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 6.219 6.818 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .813 .636 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .812 .455 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.125 .545 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman .375 .818 .632
Times a month used pot in HS 2.938 1.636 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman .313 3.818 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .0909 .0526
Times a month used other drug as freshman .0625 .0909 .0789
Weekday curfew time 10.846 11.188 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 11.682 12.500 11.937



Mean
Threatened grounding over drinking in H.S.?
yes no Total
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.375
n=8
 1.183
n=30
 1.224
n=38
Days a week partied in freshman year 3.250 2.233 2.447
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 3.750 4.033 3.974
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 5.625 5.833 5.789
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 3.875 4.867 4.658
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 6.750 6.517 6.566
# of sex partners last month in HS .500 .767 .711
# of sex partners during first month as freshman 1.000 .500 .605
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.375 .633 .789
Classes skipped a week as freshman .625 .633 .632
Times a month used pot in HS 5.000 1.433 2.184
Times a month used pot as freshman .250 2.900 2.342
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .0667 .0526
Times a month used other drug as freshman .13 .0667 .0789
Weekday curfew time 10.833 11.033 10.976
Your Weekend Curfew Time 11.000 12.667 11.937



Mean
Threatened grounding over drugs in HS?
yes no
Days a week partied in senior year HS 1.167
n=9
 1.241
n=29
Days a week partied in freshman year 2.889 2.310
Hours that a "party" lasted in HS 4.667 3.759
Hours that a "party" lasted in freshman year 6.889 5.448
# of drinks during a party in senior year HS 5.000 4.552
# of drinks during a party in freshman year 7.944 6.138
# of sex partners last month in HS .556 .759
# of sex partners during first month as freshman .556 .621
Classes skipped a week in HS 1.556 .552
Classes skipped a week as freshman .222 .759
Times a month used pot in HS 5.222 1.241
Times a month used pot as freshman 1.000 2.759
Times a month used coke in HS .000 .000
Times a month used coke in freshman year .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy in HS .000 .000
Times a month used ecstasy as freshman .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton in HS .000 .000
Times a month used oxycotton as freshman .000 .000
Times a month used other drug in HS .00 .06897
Times a month used other drug as freshman .00 .10
Weekday curfew time 11.000 10.962
Your Weekend Curfew Time 12.500 11.500

Did you see confirmation of  Liz's hypothesis in these grounding tables?


Overall, would say that the data that Liz collected so far have confirmed her hypothesis?  Why or why not?